教学笔记〡干货：157组高考英语同义词近义词
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阅读： 2023/4/10 13:51:29
干货 | 157组高考英语同义词近义词
1.away from 除了…之外
=aside from
=except for
2.by oneself 靠自己，独自
= (all) on one’s own
= (all) alone
for oneself 为自己
3.be in possession of…拥有
=be possessed of…
= possess…
= take possession of
4.look after…照顾
= take care of… = care for…
= mind… = watch…
= deal with… = attend to…
5.look on/upon A as B 把A视为B
=think of A as B
=view A as B =see A as B
=regard A as B =consider A as B
6.in quest of…寻求
= in search of…
7.How’s it going with you? 你近来如何？（固定搭配）
=How are you (doing)?
8.on impulse 冲动地，一时兴起（副词词组，修饰动词）
= on a whim
impulse n.冲动
9.dead相当于extremely极端地
（dead属口语用法，后接形容词）
10.be out of work 在工作/上班中
=be out of a job
=be unemployed
11.on the dot一分不差地/准时
=to the minute = exactly
12.by the minute 一分一秒地
=minute by minute =each/every minute
13.in a minute 待会儿
= in a second = in a moment
= in a jiffy（口语用法）
14.keep in touch with 与…联络
= keep in contact with …
=make contact with… =contact…
15.come up with… 想出/提出…（答案，主意等）
=figure out…=hit on/upon （高考英语出现过）
16.表示“阻止、防止、禁止”的动词都可以与from连用
ban/prohibit/restrict/restrain sb from doing sth 禁止某人做某事
prevent/stop sb (from) doing sth 阻止某人做某事
=keep sb from doing sth
例外：forbid sb to do sth 禁止某人做某事
17.have a liking for… 喜欢
=take a liking/fancy to…
= like/love/enjoy…= be fond of…
18.to be frank with you, …坦白（跟你）说/老实说，…
= frankly speaking, …
= to tell you the truth,…
= to be honest (with you), …
19.feel at ease感到轻松 =feel relaxed
not feel at ease 感到不安 =feel unease
20.look out for…小心/注意…
=watch out for…
21.by no means 决不，绝不
= not… by any means
=not…at all
=not …in the least
=not …in the slightest
=under no circumstances
以上结构用于句首时，使用部分倒装的结构
22.burst into tears 突然大哭
=burst out crying
burst into laughter 突然大笑
=burst out laughing
23.for nothing 免费
=for free = free
=without payment
24.for the time being目前
= for the present
25.see to it + that从句 务必确定…
=make sure + that从句 =ensure that从句
（其中that后接从句，大多使用一般时态、完成时态）
26.be tired from +名词/代词/动名词（doing） 因…而疲劳/累
be tired of +名词/代词/动名词（doing） 对…厌倦
be sick and tired of +名词/代词/动名词（doing） 对…厌倦
相当于be sick of与be tired of的结合，起到强大作用
相当于be bored with…或be fed up with…
27.look down on/upon 轻视/瞧不起某人
= despise/scorn/disdain
28.look up to sb 尊敬某人
= respect sb
= hold sb in high esteem
29.make up for… 为…补偿；弥补
= compensate for…（高考考过）
30.the road to +名词 通往…之道
= the key to +名词
31.make sb out to be 断言某人是…
= think/maintain/assert that sb is
32.make out 了解…
= understand =take in
33.What do you say to doing sth? 做…你让我如何？
=How/What about doing sth?
34.stuff A with B 以B填塞A
= stuff B into A
35.for all… 尽管…
=with all… =despite…
= in spite of…
= notwithstanding…
36.be bound for +地点名词 开往/驶往某地
= head for = leave for
= make for =start for =set off/out for
37.be bound to + 名词 被绑在…上
=be tied to
= be fastened to
= be attached to?
38.wonder at 对…感到惊异
=be amazed at
39.for all I know, … 就我所知，…
=as far as I know, …
=so far as I know, …
= to my knowledge, …
= to my understanding, …
be beyond one’s understanding
超过某人是所能理解的范围
40.in the interest of 对…有利的
=for the benefit of
41.be in cooperation with 与…合作
cooperate with 与…合作
42.put…into practice 将…付诸实施/施行
= put…into action
= carry out…
put…in/into practice 将…付诸实行
in practice 实际上
=in reality
43.put aside… 存（钱等）
=set aside… =save…
44.A get acquainted with B A与B认识
= A make B’s acquaintance
acquaint vt.使认识
45.buy sth for +钱 用多少钱买某物
=buy sth at the cost/price/rate of +钱 以某价格买某物
=pay钱 for sth
buy sth for sb 买某物给某人（高考英语考过）
= buy sb sth
46.be above doing sth 不愿意/不屑于…
= be unwilling to do sth
=be reluctantly
47.keep up with 跟上/赶上；与…并驾齐驱
=keep pace with
=keep abreast of
48.on the contrary 相反地 （多置于句首）
= instead
49.at a stroke 一口气；一次
= without stopping
50.cheat on sb 对某人不忠
=be not faithful to sb
51.get at 暗示/意指
What are you getting at? 你指的是什么？
= What do you mean?
52.for good 永远地；永久地
=for good and all
= forever = for ever = for ever and ever
= eternally = permanently
53.industrious 勤奋的
=hardworking =diligent
54.learn…by heart 将…背起来（可以是默记）
=memorize
recite 指发声背出
55.come across 无意间发现…
= happen on =encounter
56.run into sb 与某人不期而遇；偶遇
= bump into sb = encounter sb
57.come to 苏醒；恢复知觉
= come around = come round
58.by degree 渐渐地
= little by little = gradually
59.be in charge of 负责…
= be responsible for… 负责…（对…负责）
【有人讲be responsible for只能后接sth不能接sb——是错误的说法】
= take responsibility for…（对/为…负责）
be responsible to sb for sth 对某人负责某事
60.because of 因为/由于
=owing to =on account of = due to
61.bring on 导致/引起
=bring about = lead to = lead up to
=contribute to =cause
=result in (result from…起因于…)
62.without result 没有成效
= to no avail = in vain = for nothing
63.with the coming of… 随着…的到来
= with the approaching of…
64.be second to none 不亚于任何人/物，首屈一指
= be the best
=have no peer/rival/equal
=be without one’s peer 无人能出其右，没有敌手
be second to +名词/代词 仅次于…
65.all of a sudden 突然；忽然
= all at once = suddenly =sharply
= out of the blue= without warning
66.with a view to doing sth 为了从事/为了做某事
=with an eye to doing sth
=for the purpose of + doing sth
= in order to do （可句首、句中）
= so as to do （多用于句中）
67.the key to… 开启…的的钥匙/秘诀
the solution to sth …的解决方法
the answer to sth …的答案
68.in place of 取代…=instead of
69.identify with… 同情…，认同…
70.be particular about 对…挑剔
= be picky about
= find fault with sb
71.be under repair 在修理中
= be being repaired
72.inquire into 调查…
= look into = investigate
73.inquire after sb 问候某人的健康状况
= ask for sb
74.look forward to +名词/代词/doing 期待…
=expect to do
= anticipate +名词/代词/doing
75.be keen on/about… 热衷于…
= be enthusiastic about
76.be capable of doing sth 有能力做…
= be able to do sth
77.to some extent 就某种程度上来说
= to some degree = in a sense
78.to the end 到最后
= to the bitter end
79.joke about 对…开玩笑
=make fun of
=play jokes/a joke on sb
= play tricks/a trick on sb
80.at heart 心地上，本质上
=by nature
81.be bent on doing sth 一心想要做某事
= be determined to do sth
82.on/upon sth/doing sth, +主语+动词… 一…，就…
=as soon as +主语+动词，+主句（主语+动词…）
83.be proud of 为…感到骄傲/自豪
= take pride in = pride oneself on
84.be typical of 是…的特征/写照
= be characteristic of
85.there is no doing 谁都不能…
=No one can do
86.set up 建立
=found =establish
87.set about (doing) sth 开始着手
= set out to do sth
=begin/start to do =begin/start doing/sth
88.devote …to… 将…致力于/献身于…
=dedicate …to…
89.approve of… 赞同
disapprove of… 反对/不赞成
approve （及物动词为“批准、核准”）
90.turn out (to be) 结果是（系动词）
=prove (to be)
91.turn up 出现，到达
= show up =arrive, appear
92.be free from… 没有…/脱离…
=be free of…= be without…
93.be dressed in… 穿着…
= have on…（不用进行时态）
= be wearing…
94.be different from 与…不同
= differ from
be indifferent from 对…漠不关心
95.play a big/an important part in (doing) sth
在…方面扮演重要角色
play a big/an important role in (doing) sth
96.be oblivious of 忘却…
=be forgetful of =forget…
97.do away with… 除去/摆脱…
= get rid of…
98.be sensitive to （心理上）对…敏感
be allergic to （生理上）对…敏感/过敏
be sensible of 感觉到…的
=be aware of =be conscious of 知道…
99.be famous for +名词/代词/动名词 因…而出名
=be known for
= be noted for
= be renowned for
be notorious for 因…而恶名昭彰
100. keep to the rules 坚守规则
= stick to the rules
=conform to the rules =comply with the rules
101. be unaware of 不知道…
= be unconscious of
102. be confident of 对…有信心
= have confidence in
103. be thankful to sb for doing sth 因为某事感激某人
= be grateful to sb for doing sth
= be obliged to sb for doing sth
= be indebted to sb for doing sth
104. be incapable of 无能力做某事
=be unable to do
105. be senior sb by 年 比某人年长…岁
=be older than sb by 年
be junior sb by 年 比某人年幼…岁
= be younger than sb by 年
prior to… 在…前
= before
106. by +时间 最迟不超过某时间
= not later than =before
107. be for sth 赞成 =be in favor of sth
be against 反对 =be opposed to
108. be opposed to (doing) sth 反对…
=object to (doing) sth
=oppose (doing) sth
109. come off 发生，举行
=come about
= take place
= happen = occur
110. succeed to 继承
= take over = inherit
111. consist in 在于… = lie in
112. consist of 由…组成
=be made up of =be composed of
113. run after 追逐/追求…= chase
be after sb = be chasing sb 追赶某人
114. go to the hospital 生病住院（英式英语无定冠词）
=be hospitalized
115. depend on 依赖/指望
=rely on =count on =look to sb = turn to sb
都可以后接sb to do sth 指望/依赖某人去做某事
都可以后接for sth
depend on sb for help 指望/求助于某人的帮助
=look to sb for help
=count on sb for help
=rely on sb for help
=turn to sb for help
116. call on sb to do 呼吁/要求某人做某事
=urge sb to do =ask sb to do
117. call sb down 责骂/责备某人
=scold sb = tell sb off
118. look for 寻找 =search for
look to 指望/依赖
look to sb for help 指望/依赖某人帮忙
119. with regard to 有关/关于…
=in regard to =with respect to =in respect of
=concerning =regarding
=as to =about, on
120. take A for B 误将A当作B
= mistake A for B
121. call on sb 拜访某人
= pay a visit to sb
= pay sb a visit =visit
call for 需要…（主语多为sth）
= require
122. call off 取消 =cancel
123. be equal to 胜任
=be cut out for =be competent for
124. get through with 做完
= be through with = finish
= be finished with = be done with
125. for ages 好长一段时间
=for a long time
126. for the time being 目前
=for the present
127. live a …life 过着…的生活
=lead a…life = have a …life
128. be through sth 经历某事
= experience sth
=undergo sth
=go through sth
129. in detail 详细地
= at length
130. be in high spirits 心情很好
=be in good mood
=be in good humor
be in low spirits 心情很差
=be in a bad mood
=be in a bad humor
131. stand for 代表/表示
=represent
stand sb up 放某人鸽子
132. present sb with sth 赠与某物给某人
=present sth to sb
133. provide sb with sth 提供某物给某人
= provide sth for sb
=supply sb with sth
=supply sth to sb
=afford sb sth
=afford sth to sb
134. be brought up 被抚养长大
= be raised
= be reared
bring up = raise 将某人抚养长大
135. agree with sb 和某人看法相同
= see eye to eye with sb
136. attend to 对…专注
= pay attention to
= be attentive to
137. take on 带有/呈现出…
= assume
138. take after 和…相像
=resemble
139. make fun of 取笑…
= tease
140. brush…aside 忽视/漠视
=ignore
141. brush up on 复习
=go over
=review
142. hope for sth 期待/希望…
=wish for
=long for
= desire
143. turn in 就寝
= go to bed
= hit the sack
144. turn down 拒绝
=reject
=refuse
145. keep off… 远离…；不让…接近
=stay away from
146. go with 与…相配
=match
147. prefer to do + rather than do 喜欢做…胜于做/而不喜欢做
=prefer to do + instead of doing
148. blame sb for sth 因为…责怪某人；把某事归罪于某人身上
= blame sth on sb
=lay/place/put the blame on sb for sth
149. talk sb into doing sth 说服某人做某事
=persuade sb to do sth
150. talk sb out of doing sth 说法某人不要做某事
=persuade sb not to do sth
=dissuade sb from doing sth
151. put up with 容忍
=tolerate =bear =stand
152. tell A from B 区别A于B的不同/差异
= tell the difference between A and B
=tell A and B apart
=distinguish A from B
=distinguish between A and B
153. go on with 继续从事
=get on with =continue (with)
154. at one’s leisure 在某人空闲/有空时
=in one’s free/spare time
leisure 闲暇，空闲
155. on purpose 故意地
=deliberately =intentionally
156. by accident 不经意间；无意地；偶然地
=by chance =accidentally =unexpectedly
157. take …off…. 将…从…取下来 （off脱离）
take …out of… 把…拿出来从…
= take …from…
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